Cause Effect

 

When the switch is thrown, the light comes on.

 When the water boils, its temperature reaches 100 degree.

 When the key is turned in the ignition, the engine starts.

 When the switch is open, current does not flow in the current.

  When the switch is opened, current stops flowing

Propositions.  A lift pump is a device which is used for raising underground water to the surface.  It consists of a copper pipe, a copper cylinder with a spout, steel piston, a steel piston rod, two rubber valves and an iron pump handle.  The pipe leads from underground reservoir of water up to the cylinder.  The first valve is located at the top of the pipe, where it is joined to the cylinder.  The second valve is set in the bottom of the piston, which is inside the cylinder.  The pump handle is attached to the top of piston rod, which comes out through the top of the cylinder.  The other end of the piston rod is attached to the piston.

2.4.2. When….

 The lift pump operates in the following way.  When the pump handle is pushed down first time, the piston is raised to a position a little below the level of the spout and the pressure inside the cylinder is reduced.  Valve A is lifted.  When the valve A is lifted, water enters the cylinder.  When the pump handle is raised, the piston is pushed down into the water.  Valve B, which is in the bottom of piston, opens and water flows through it.  When the pump handle is pushed down again, the piston rises again.  Valve B closes and the water above it rises up to the level of the spout, where it flows out.

As a result …. First, the pump handle is pushed down.  As a result of this, Valve A opens.  As a result of this, the pressure inside the cylinder is reduced.  As a result of this, Valve B closes.  As a result of this, water enters the cylinder.  As a result, the piston is pushed down into the water.  As a result of this, Valve B, which is in the bottom of piston, opens?  Then, the pump handle is raised again.  Next, the pump handle is pushed down again.  As a result of this, Valve B closes.  The lift pump operates in the following way.

This causes…..to   and This, in turn, causes…to…. Example 1: 

a) First, the pump handle is pushed down.  As a result, the piston rises.

b) First, the pump handle is pushed down.  This causes the piston to rise.

Example 3: a) As aresult, the pressure inside the cylinder is reduced.

b) This causes the pressure to be reduced.  + Object (Noun) + Base form (Verb